Makale Arama

ABSTRACT

Aim: To retrospectively evaluate the data of patients diagnosed with pulmonary hydatid cyst (PHC) who were followed up and treated in our clinic.

Materials and Method: 83 patients treated with the diagnosis of PCO in our clinic between November 2010 and November 2020; Factors such as age, gender, location and size of the patient, whether the cyst was ruptured at the time of admission, symptoms at the time of admission, relationship with liver cysts, and postoperative hospital stay were evaluated.

Results: 33 of our patients were male, 50 of them were female. The mean age of our patients was 34.71. A total of 109 cysts were removed from our patients, 9 of them were evaluated as giant cysts. There were 14 in the right upper lobe, 11 in the right middle lobe, 37 in the right lower lobe, 16 in the left upper lobe, and 31 in the left lower lobe. Nine patients had bilateral cysts. 52 of the cysts were perforated and 57 were intact. The most common symptom was cough. 16 patients were asymptomatic. 

Conclusion: PHC is a zoonotic disease that can affect any organ in our body. It is the second most common after liver hydatid cyst. It tends to grow easily due to the structure of the lung. In diagnosis, radiology is mostly sufficient and surgery is at the forefront in the treatment of AHC.

Key words: Echinococcus, Hydatid cyst, Lung

ABSTRACT

Aim: In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the level of knowledge of university students studying in the field of health in sustainable nutrition and environment and their adherence with the Mediterranean diet.

Methods: This study was conducted in a cross-sectional type. It was conducted on 687 students studying at the Faculty of Medicine (n=413) and the Department of Nutrition and Dietetics (n=274) in AprilMay 2019. In the research, sociodemographic characteristics questionnaire form, sustainable nutrition and environmental relationship questionnaire form and Mediterranean diet adherence screener were used. In the analysis of the data, chi-square test, Mann Whitney-U test, Kruskall-Wallis test were used. p<0,05 was accepted significant.

Results: The rate of hearing of Nutrition and Dietetics students on the term of sustainable nutrition was higher than that of Medical students (p<0,001). It was determined that 95,2% of the participants did not receive education on sustainable nutrition. It was determined that students of both departments dealt with the concept of sustainable nutrition at least with its ecological dimension (Medicine: 27,8%; Nutrition and Dietetics: 25,5%). Adherence of Nutrition and Dietetics students with Mediterranean diet was found to be significantly higher than that of medical students (p<0,001).

Conclusion: It has been determined that more than half of the students had not heard of the concept of sustainable nutrition before. It was determined that the students dealt with sustainable nutrition with the environmental dimension at the lowest rate. It was found that the participants had a low adherence to the Mediterranean diet.

Key words: Mediterranean diet, Diet, Environment, Sustainability.

ABSTRACT 

Aim: To develop a deep learning (DL) model for detection of glaucoma based on peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL), ganglion cell layer (GCL), optic nerve head parameters using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and visual field parameters

Methods: 78 patient with glaucoma and 53 healthy subjects were recruited and split into training (%60) and test (%40) datasets. pRNFL, GCL, optic nerve head parameters and visual field parameters were used for the deep learning classifier. RapidMinerStudio9.2 was used for our deep learning model.

Results: In the test dataset, this deep learning system achieved an AUC of 0,817 with a sensitivity of % 96.

Conclusion: An SD-OCT and visual field based deep learning system can detect glaucomatous structural change with high sensitivity and specificity.

Key words: Glaucoma, deep learning, optical coherence tomography, artificial neural network

ABSTRACT

Objectives: The high mortality rate of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and insufficient bed capacity create significant challenges in emergency department management. Therefore, this study investigated whether the lactate/albumin ratio (LAR) predicts mortality in COVID-19 patients in the emergency department.

Methods: The study included 504 COVID-19 patients who were brought to the emergency department from March to August 2020. Their lactate and albumin levels, LAR, age, gender, and in-hospital mortality status were recorded. The patients were grouped by in-hospital mortality, and a statistical comparison was conducted between the groups.

Results: Of the included patients, 252(50%) were male, and the median age was 61.5(47–72.75) years. There was in-hospital mortality in 79(15.7%) patients. The median lactate and LAR values of the patients in the non-survivor group were significantly higher than those in the survivor group (lactate: 2.05 [1.5– 3.4] and 1.6 [1.2–2], respectively [p<0.001]; LAR: 0.584 [0.406–0.956] and 0.38 [0.29–0.489], respectively [p<0.001]). The mean albumin value in the non-survivor group was significantly lower than that in the survivor group (3.68±0.58 and 4.19±0.48, respectively; p<0.001). The LAR area-under-the-curve (AUC) values obtained to predict in-hospital COVID-19 mortality were higher than those for lactate (AUC of LAR and lactate: 0.730 and 0.669, respectively). The AUC value of LAR was significantly higher than the AUC value of lactate (p<0.001).

Conclusion: LAR is a moderately accurate predictor of in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients, and LAR was found to be a more reliable predictor than lactate levels.

Key words: COVID-19, lactate, serum albumin, in-hospital mortality

ABSTRACT
Aim: Renal artery are the largest vessels originating from the abdominal aorta. Renal artery arising from the abdominal aorta to the right and left enter the kidney between the renal veins located anteriorly and the renal pelvis located posteriorly. It splits into two or more branches before it enters the kidney. In pelvis and ureter duplication, each renal segment usually has a separate feeding. As the renal artery enters the kidney, it divides into anterior and posterior branches. The posterior branch supplies the middle segment of the posterior face. The anterior branch feeds the upper and lower poles and the anterior surface. 
Materials and Method: Our study was carried out on 700 Multidetector Computerized Tomography images taken with the request of imaging for the abdominal region of individuals.178 cases suitable for our study were selected from these images.
Results: The diameter where the right renal artery from the abdominal aorta was 0.58 ± 0.12 mm, and the diameter where the left renal artery separates from the abdominal aorta was determined as 0.65 ± 0.13 mm. The root exit angle where the right renal was 117.52º ± 14.05º.While there was only one renal artery feeding the right and left kidneys in 164 of the patients who were measured, 14 (7.86%) patients had two renal artery feeding the kidney. Of these, 9 (5.05%) were in women and 5 (2.80%) were in men. Within the scope of the study, three or more extra renal artery were not found. In the measurements made, it was found that the renal artery branch exit levels were mostly concentrated at the L1 and L2 levels, parallel to the data in other studies. 72 (43.9%) at L2 level in right renal artery - 62 (37.8%) at L1 level and 30 (18.3%) at other levels, 89 (54.26%) at L2 level in left renal artery - It was determined that it was 51 (31.09%) at the L1 level and 24 (14.65%) at the other levels.
Conclusion:We think that our study with the findings we have obtained will constitute a clinical importance especially for surgeons in the region.

Key words: Renal artery, Multidetector computed tomography, Variation

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To evaluate the changes of anterior chamber parameters determined by the Scheimpflug camera before and after laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI).

Materials and Methods: Thirty-one eyes of 20 patients with primary angle-closure suspect, primary angle closure, and primary angle-closure glaucoma were included in this study. Central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), anterior chamber volume (ACV), anterior chamber angle (ACA), and pupil diameter values were compared using the Pentacam Scheimpflug rotating camera system (Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany) before and after LPI.

Results: At one month after LPI, it was noted that the mean IOP decreased from 19.78±8.74 mmHg to 16.4±3.57 mmHg (p<0.001). The average ACA increased from 24.1±6 degrees to 26.6±6.6 degrees (p<0.001). The average ACD increased from 2.11±0.4 mm3 to 2.14±0.4 mm3 (p=0.083). The mean ACV increased from 101.6±36 mm3 to 105.7±38 mm3 (p=0.439). The mean CCT increased from 540.9±45.9 μm to 555.4±42.8 μm (p=0.018). The mean pupil diameter decreased from 3.5±1.1 mm to 3.2 ±0.5 mm (p=0.828).

Conclusions: It has been determined that LPI has made some changes in the three-dimensional morphology of the AC.

Key words: Laser peripheral iridotomy, Anterior chamber, Primary angle closure, Scheimpflug camera

ABSTRACT

Purpose: Cadence is a value that can vary from person to person and is usually calculated as the number of steps per minute. Baropedometer, on the other hand, provides detailed analysis of foot dynamics by measuring the pressure distribution under the foot. In addition to cadence, it is also used in the evaluation and measurement of foot diseases in clinics and studies.

Methods: In our study, using 2014 model Diasu by Sani Corporate's baropedometer device; Separate cadence values (step/min) were calculated for the right and left feet. Demographic data such as age, weight and height of 101 individuals included in this study were recorded. The averages of the walks were taken into consideration from these recorded data. The obtained data were evaluated with Independent Samples Test in SPSS 25.0 package program.

Results: Male right and left cadence values were 58,07±23,77 steps/min, 58,18±24,67 steps/min, respectively. while in female individuals, these values were 55,87±22,89 steps/min on the right; on the left 56,75±21,52 steps/ min. As a result of the statistical analysis, no significant difference was found between cadence and measurement data (p>0.05).

Conclusion: When the literature is examined, cadence examines the changes in disease and aging along with other gait parameters. The insignificance of cadence change in healthy individuals due to demographic information made us think that cadence can only change in healthy individuals when they are diagnosed with the disease. Considering the studies stating that the change in cadence depends on walking speed and stride distance, it was thought that these parameters of gait should also be evaluated in future studies. There are studies in the literature reporting that cadence increases with age. However, no study has been found in the literature that directly correlates sole pressure with cadence. We think that our study will be a guide for other studies that reveal the factors affecting cadence.

Key words: Baropedometer, Cadence, Walk

ABSTRACT

Introduction: The neonatal period includes first 28 days of life. Infant and neonatal mortality rates are considered as a favorable indicator for measuring health status of a nation. In this study, we aimed to determine mortality rates, causes and risk factors of patients were admitted in our neonatal intensive care unit in last decade. We compared the obtained results with those of other centers.

Material-Method: In this study, deceased neonates who were admitted and followed-up in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Konya Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Faculty of Medicine between 2010 and 2019 were evaluated. The study was formed in retrospective manner through reviewing discharge summaries and scanned patient files on the hospital’s automation system.

Results: A total of 9768 patients were admitted in our neonatal intensive care unit in the last decade, of which 491 deceased. In this study, our mortality rate in 2019 was 2.95%, while our total mortality rate was 5.02%. The leading causes of death, in descending order of frequency, were respiratory distress syndrome(RDS) (41.3%), sepsis (20.2%), and heart failure (11.6%).

Conclusion: The mortality rate in our unit was found to be 5.02%. This rate decreased up to 2.95% by 2019. Based on these rates, it is the gospel truth that, given the fact that termination of problematic pregnancies in our country and our city is not performed frequently due to sociocultural reasons, our unit may compete with the centers in developed countries.

Key words: Newborn, mortality, prematurity

ABSTRACT
Aim: 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) is a radioactive agent used to show the metabolic characterization of lesions in positron emission tomography / computed tomography (PET / CT) imaging. The majority of 18F-FDG administered intravenously (IV) is excreted through the kidneys and accumulates diffusely in the bladder. However, it rarely shows layering in the posterior part of the bladder. Our study investigates why 18F-FDG is more layered in the posterior part of the bladder to determine the common characteristics of the patients with this finding and the clinical importance of this situation.
Materials and Methods: As of September 1, 2017, images of 500 consecutive patients who had 18F-FDG PET / CT imaging for various malignancies were examined, and 18F-FDG layers were detected in the bladder 12 patients. Clinical features, laboratory findings, and radiological imaging of these patients were evaluated from the hospital archive.
Results: Layering in the bladder was found in 2.4% of the patients screened. The bladder was observed to be distended in all of these patients. Blood albumin level was found to be below the reference range in 11 patients. Only four patients could obtain a complete urinalysis, and 1 of them had signs of urinary tract infection. This value was high in all nine patients in which we could reach C-reactive protein (CRP) values. Foci showing 18F-FDG uptake consistent with malignancy were observed in all patients. In addition, all patients had Karnofsky Performance scores of 50 or less.
Conclusion: The layering of 18F-FDG observed in the bladder may be related to infection, tumor burden, immobility of the patient, and distended bladder, as well as low blood albumin levels. For this phenomenon to guide clinicians, it should be investigated in more extensive series.
Key words: Urinary bladder, Layering, FDG, PET/CT

ABSTRACT

Purpose: Primary thyroid disease accounts for over 95 percent of cases of hypothyroidism. It is aimed that patients with primary hypothyroidism become euthyroid by reaching the target thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level with levothyroxine sodium (LT4) replacement therapy. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the patients who could not be treated optimally and to determine the frequency of patients treated with overdose or underdose. 

Methods: This retrospective study was carried out on 500 patients diagnosed with primary hypothyroidism who were followed up at Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Faculty of Medicine hospital, are over 18 years of age, without thyroid malignancy, and who had been receiving fixed dose LT4 replacement therapy for the last 6 months between January 2015 and December 2016. Serum TSH, free triiodothyronine (fT3) and free thyroxine (fT4) levels were used to determine the thyroid hormone status of the patients. Body mass index (BMI) of all patients were evaluated. Low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein ( HDL), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), triglyceride and total cholesterol data of the patients were included in the analysis. 

Results: TSH levels were not within the desired target range in 66.8% (n=334) of patients under LT4 replacement therapy. While TSH level was higher than the desired target range in 50.8% of the patients (treatment with underdose), 16.0% of the patients had TSH levels below the desired target range (treatment with overdose). Only 20.6% of the patients had normal body weight. The prevalence of dyslipidemia was 69.2% in men and 68.9% in women and there was no significant difference between the genders (p = 0.968). 

Conclusion: In our study, it was observed that most patients under LT4 replacement therapy were not in the desired TSH range. When serum TSH levels cannot be normalized with LT4 therapy, an interdisciplinary diagnostic approach and careful history should be taken. 

Key words: Primary hypothyroidism, Target TSH, Overdose, Underdose, Dyslipidemia

ABSTRACT
Aim: Diabetic foot osteomyelitis, is one of the devastating and sophisticated complications of diabetes mellitus. Wound care and closure techniques are as important as surgical and medical treatments in the management of this unfavorable condition. Appropriate and effective wound care facilitates healing process of osteomyelitis making infected wound more responsive to medical treatment.
Methods: Between years 2016-2020, the patients with biopsy-confirmed osteomyelitis were included in the prospective study. The patients were divided into groups according to randomization. The patients with conventional wound dressing were included in group 1, while negative pressure wound therapy applied ones incuded in group 2. Demographic data (age, sex), affected bone with osteomyelitis, localization and size of wound, hospitalization length, and number of operations were recorded. To evaluate the efficacy of two different wound care applications, mean infected periods, number of operations and mean durations of hospitalization were compared.
Results: Length of hospitalization stay was 24,49 ± 16,5 in group 1 and 17,15 ± 14,7 in group 2, respectively. Besides, infected period of group 1 was 19,0 ± 16,89, while it was 17,33 ± 16,46 in group 2. Mean number of operations was 1,55 ± 1,0 in the negative pressure wound therapy applied patients, as it was 2,15 ± 1,0 in the patients with conventional wound dressing. There was a significant difference between two groups in terms of length of hospitalization and number of surgical procedures, while no statistical significance found between the infected periods.
Conclusion: Consequently, shortening in hospitalization period and lesser number of surgical procedures due to rapid healing process demonstrated the benefits of negative pressure wound therapy.
Key Words: Osteomyelitis, Diabetic foot, Negative pressure wound therapy, Vacuum assisted closure

ABSTRACT

Aim: SARS-CoV-2 is the cause of a pandemic with high mortality rates affecting the entire world. In the present study, N/L Ratios, CRP, and D-dimer levels were investigated in patients who were diagnosed with RT-PCR+ Covid-19 again despite receiving the Biontech and Sinovac vaccines.

Materials and Methods: The retrospective study was conducted with a total of 114 patients (n=114) and a healthy control group (n=60) who had 43 Biontech and 71 Sinovac vaccines but were diagnosed with RT-PCR+ Covid-19 again. Subjects who were vaccinated with Biontech or Sinovac and whose RT-PCR Test (Real-Time Polymerized Chain Reaction) was positive were included in the study. The routine biochemistry, serology, and hormone test results of the patients were compared with those of the Control Group. The data were analyzed on the computer with the SPSS22 program.

Results: CRP, N/L, and D-dimer levels were higher in the 2 vaccinated groups at statistically significant levels when compared to the control group, but higher values were detected in the Sinovac Group (p<0.001). Albumin levels were found to be lower in the vaccinated groups when compared to the Control Group (p<0.001). Procalcitonin, AST, LDH, and lipase levels were significantly higher in the vaccinated groups when compared to the Control Group, while lymphocyte levels were lower in the vaccinated groups (p<0.001).

Conclusion: Although N/L ratios, CRP, and D-dimer levels were higher in the Sinovac vaccine group than in the Control Group, albumin levels were lower in patients who were diagnosed with RT-PCR+ Covid-19 again despite having Biontech and Sinovac vaccines.

Key words: Covid-19; Biontech; Sinovac; N/L, CRP, D-dimer

ABSTRACT
Aim: Bimanual in-phase movement, which is frequently seen in infancy, disappears in the first decade of life with central nervous system maturation. Hand dominance becomes evident and interhemispheric inhibition is initiated to suppress the opposite hand. However, in-phase movements are frequently used in our daily lives.
Materials and methods: Thirty students (14 female, 16 male) with right hand dominance were included in the study. Two screw assemblies placed on a wooden plane were designed to perform tightening or loosening orders. Test 1: ordered to tighten screws at the same time with both hands.  Test 2: ordered to tighten the screw with only left hand. Fisher's exact test was used to compare the ratios between the sex. P <0.05 was considered significant.
Results: Test 1: In the bimanual tightening test, the left hand performed mirror symmetrical movement instead of voluntary correct antiphase movement in 11 persons (78.6%) in females, and the left hand unwantedly loosened the screw. This rate was 37.5% in males (6 persons). The error rate was higher in female gender (χ2: 0.021, p: 0.033). Test 2: In the unimanual left hand tightening test, mirror symmetric movement instead of antiphase movement was seen in 7 female persons (50%) and in 5 male persons (31.3%). The left hand therefore made a loosening motion instead of tightening the screw. The difference between the two groups was not found for this test (chi-square: 0.295, p: 0.457).
Conclusion: The relatively higher error in the female gender in the bimanual task, which is more otomatic movement, may be due to the fact that the male gender knows the use of this device in advance. There was no difference in the unimanual task with more voluntary attention between genders. It is discussed in the light of the literature that the cause of left-hand errors may be in confliction with visomotor information on the real trajectory of movement of the nondominant hand.
Key words: Hand preference, Motor learning, İn-Phase movement

ABSTRACT

Aim: It was aimed to investigate whether there is a relationship between hypothalamic nutrition regulatory neuropeptides Neuropeptide Y (NPY), Orexin, pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) and leptin levels in the emergence of obesity associated with OSAS and the weight change observed with PAP treatment.

Materials and Methods: Thirty-eight male volunteer patients aged 18-65 who were diagnosed with OSAS and planned for PAP treatment in the sleep laboratory of Chest Diseases were included in the study. Blood samples were taken from the patients after the diagnosis of OSAS and 6 months after PAP treatment. Neuropeptide levels were determined by ELISA method.

Results: Thirty-eight male patients the mean age was 47.82±1.64 years. Leptin, NPY, Orexin and POMC levels were lower and statistically significant in OSAS patients after 6 months of PAP treatment, independent of body mass index (BMI) (p>0.001).

Conclusion: We think that metabolic stability is achieved by eliminating apneas, providing oxygenation, correcting sleep fragmentation with PAP therapy, reducing the hypoxic effect and accordingly inflammation to a large extent. As a result, ensuring and encouraging the uninterrupted use of PAP devices by patients throughout the night will highlight the effectiveness of the treatment. In addition, giving diet and exercise programs while using the device will be effective in lowering BMIs for overweight patients.

Key words: CPAP, leptin, NPY, POMC, orexin, sleep apnea

ABSTRACT

Aim: Detection of bone marrow involvement in patients with lymphoma is an important step in clinical staging, treatment and follow-up. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the relationship between lymphoma subtypes and bone marrow infiltration patterns.

Methods: Biopsy samples of 102 lymphoma cases evaluated histopathologically and diagnosed with bone marrow infiltration in Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Faculty of Medicine Medical Pathology Laboratory between 2016 – 2021 were reviewed. Sections were re-evaluated by 3 observers for infiltration patterns, lymphoma subtypes and infiltration patterns were recorded.

Results: The most common lymphoma subtypes were diffuse large B cell lymphoma (22.3%) and mantle cell lymphoma (22.3%), followed by T cell lymphoma (15.5%), follicular lymphoma (9.7%), chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (4.8%), Hodgkin lymphoma (4.8%), lymphoblastic lymphoma (1.9%), Burkitt lymphoma, MALT lymphoma, marginal zone lymphoma (0.94%), lymphoma of undetermined subtype (9.7%). Involvement patterns encountered were diffuse, paratrabecular, interstitial, nodular and mixed infiltration. In all cases the mixed type infiltration pattern was the most common with 29.1%. Mixed pattern, on the other hand, mostly included nodular and interstitial involvement together. The most common pattern as a single type was the diffuse pattern. The involvement patterns in diffuse large B cell lymphoma and mantle cell lymphoma, where the most common involvement was detected: 34.7% diffuse, 26% nodular, 17.4% mixed, 17.4% interstitial, 4.4% paratrabecular in diffuse large B cell lymphoma; 47.8% mixed, 21.7% diffuse, 17.4% paratrabecular, 13% nodular infiltration patterns in mantle cell lymphoma.

Conclusion: The mixed infiltration pattern was most common in mantle cell lymphoma, but was not specific as it was also seen in other lymphomas. In follicular lymphoma in which the paratrabecular pattern is prominent, other involvement patterns were also encountered. Based on the infiltration pattern, it is not possible to say definitively which lymphoma subtype the involvement observed in the bone marrow is associated with. For this, it is essential to refer to ancillary tests in determining the lymphoma type.

Key words: Bone marrow, Lymphoma, Infiltration, Pattern

Aim: Invasive Candida infections are an increasing cause of mortality and morbidity, especially in patients being treated in intensive care patients. The delayed treatment of candidemia is an important determinant of patient progression. In this study, we aimed to determine the species distribution of Candida infections in intensive care units and to contribute to epidemiological data and empirical antifungal treatment selection.
Materials and Methods: Candida species isolated from blood cultures of patients hospitalized in intensive care units between 2019-2020 were examined in the study. Blood samples were cultivated and incubated in automated blood culture system media (BACTEC PLUS Aerobic/F, BACTEC 9120, USA). Positive signaling blood culture samples were inoculated on SDA and blood agar medium, and growing yeast isolates were identified using VITEK 2 Compact System (bioMérieux, France).
Results: Candida growth was detected in 95 patients in total. The most frequently isolated species was Candida parapsilosis (45%), followed by Candida albicans (37.5%), Candida glabrata (8.5%), Candida tropicalis (7.5%) and Candida famata (1%), respectively. The mortality rate of these patients with candidemia was found to be 76%.
Conclusion: We believe that this will contribute to the reduction of mortality and morbidity by determining the distribution of species and the treatment protocol to be selected for candida infections
in intensive care units.
Key words: Candida Species, Candidemia, Mortality

Aim: Omalizumab is a humanized antibody that binds to the IgE receptor and its mechanism of action is still not fully understood although it is effective in the treatment of chronic urticaria. In this study, our aim is to investigate the effects of omalizumab treatment applied to patients with chronic urticaria on the hematological parameter and on IgE values.
Materials and Methods: In our study, the hematological parameter and IgE values of 36 patients, who received three cycles of omalizumab treatment due to chronic urticaria, were recorded before and after the treatment.
Results: Before the omalizumab treatment, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio was found to be higher (p: 0.038), and platelet distribution width was found to be lower (p: 0.01) in patients with chronic urticaria than in the control group. After the treatment, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio values of the patients with chronic urticaria, who received omalizumab treatment for 12 weeks, were observed to decrease (p: 0.05), and platelet distribution width values were observed to increase (p: 0.002). No significant
difference was observed between the patients with chronic urticaria and the control group regarding mean platelet volume, and there was no significant change at the end of the treatment. In the patient group, the IgE values before omalizumab treatment were higher than the IgE values at the 12th week (p: 0.001).
Conclusion: In light of data, our findings suggest that neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, platelet distribution width and IgE values may be useful hematologic parameters for the evaluation and followup of remission in patients with chronic urticaria.
Key words: Ig E, Omalizumab, Urticaria

Aim: The incidence of ischemic stroke has increased in cancer cases. Type, stage, and treatment of the cancer are responsible in etiopathogenesis. The aim of this study is to investigate cases who have an ischemic stroke while being followed up with a diagnosis of cancer.
Patients and Methods: The cases followed up with cancer and ischemic stroke diagnosis between January 2016 and February 2020 were analyzed retrospectively.
Results: 21 (11 Males, 10 Females) cases were included in the study. The average age was 64.8. Lung and stomach cancer were the most common cancers associated with ischemic stroke. When examined histopathologically, the rate of adenocarcinoma was 42.8%. The mean time between cancer diagnosis and stroke was 15.4 months in lung cancer, 10 months in stomach cancer, and 15.5 months in all cancers. At hospital admission The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale( NIH Stroke Scale/Score) was 5.6 median. All cases with multiple infarct areas in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were metastatic cancer cases. 11 patients died, and the median value of these cases was 11 days. Platinum derivatives were the most commonly used chemotherapy.
Discussion and Conclusion: Cancer has been shown to increase the risk of stroke with various etiological factors. Stroke is not a rare condition that causes serious complications in cancer patients. Awareness of clinicians should be increased in order to be able to combat this issue effectively. 
Key words: Adenocarcinoma, Ischemic Stroke, Cancer, Cisplatin

ABSTRACT

Aim: Rotator cuff tear is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders leading to shoulder pain. This study was conducted to examine the effect of fatigue on shoulder functionality in rotator cuff tears.

Materials and Methods: Fifty-two patients, aged between 18-65 years, with rotator cuff tears were included in the study. Shoulder fatigue was questioned using the Visual Analog Scale. Shoulder functionality was assessed with the Simple Shoulder Test (SST). The conformity of the variables to the normal distribution was obtained by analytical (Kolmogorov Smirnov test) and visual (histogram and probability graphs) methods.

Results: 31% of the participants are men and 69% are women, and the average age was calculated as 51.59 ± 10.66 years. A moderate negative correlation was obtained between fatigue and SST's pain (r: -0.413, p: 0.002) and strength (r: -0.435, p: 0.001) sub-parameters, while a weak and negative correlation was found between daily living activities (r: -0.352, p: 0.010) and total SST score (r: -0.275, p: 0.048). Conclusion: A relationship was found between shoulder fatigue seen in patients with rotator cuff tears and altered shoulder functions

Key words: Rotator cuff tear, fatigue, functionality, rehabilitation, shoulder injuries

Aim: Early rehabilitation applications are an approach that should be initiated in risky babies as soon as they are born. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the knowledge and awareness level of healthcare professionals working in the departments and units of the Department of Child Health and Diseases about” Early Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Practices” (EPRP) in risky infants and to examine the early physiotherapy and rehabilitation intervention procedures available in these units.
Materials and Methods: Information awareness about "Early Period Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Practice" was evaluated with an 11-item questionnaire prepared for 57 health professionals working in the Department of Child Health and Diseases.
Result: Neither Center has an active neonatal physiotherapist. Only if necessary, the physiotherapist provides treatment with consultation to teach the family only joint range of motion exercises. It was determined that 70.17% of the healthcare professionals had no or insufficient information about EPRP. It was found that the most therapeutic positioning among EPRP modalities was used in the neonatal intensive care unit. It was reported that health professionals stated that the EPRP to be applied to risky babies in the intensive care unit is necessary (80.70%) and a neonatal physiotherapist (82.45%) is needed to perform these applications.
Conclusions: Caring about early physical therapy practices in newborns and positioning neonatal physiotherapists to serve in these units will fill a clinically important gap.
Key words: Early physiotherapy and rehabilitation applications, Early intervention,
Awareness, Risky baby, Healthcare worker, Newborn, Intensive care

ABSTRACT

Aim: Calculation of normal tissue complication probability(NTCP) and side-effect evaluation in localized prostate cancer in different plans

Method: NTCP were evaluated in 16 cases with different conformal plans. Target volumes and NTCP values of OAR were calculated with the Lymann-Kutcher-Burman (LKB) model, and comparisons were made in virtual plans with 4-fields and 6 fields for the rectum, bladder and femoral head. The cases were treated with 6-fields; acute-late complicationsfor bladder, rectum and late complications for femoral head were correlated with mean doses, percentage of volume (V%), NTCP values. Paired-t test, Wilcoxon and Spearsman tests were used in the correlation.

Results: The mean organ risk V% values and femoral head NTCP were significant for 4 and 6-fields plans(p=0.008). The relationship between acute genitourinary system complications and NTCP was statistically significant (p=0.019). Significance was observed in the mean bladder dose (p=0.015) and the (V%) that received>50% of thedose in the isocentre (rs=0.5446, p=0.029). For the femoral head, the percentage of volume that received more than 50% dose at the isocenter was found to be significant in favor of 6-fields(paired-t test p=0.0001). Complication probabilities of the femoral head were found to be significantly higher in 4-field plans (p=0.009). There was no statistically significance between late effects and NTCP.

Conclusion: By increasing the number of fields, normal tissues are better protected and tumor control is provided with higher doses. It should be kept in mind that daily area changes and risky organ position changes cannot be calculated with NTCP models.

Key words: Prostate cancer, conformal radiotherapy, NTC

Aim: Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is the most common congenital valve anomaly causing early valve damage and aortic enlargement. In this study, the contribution of magnetic resonanceangiography (MRA) used for aorta imaging in addition to echocardiography (EC) in pediatric patients with BAV was investigated.
Methods: In a single center study, the medical records of 571 cases with a diagnosis of BAV under 18 years of age were retrospectively reviewed. In this group, 32 patients (21 female, mean age was 12.66 ± 3.92 years) who underwent MRA for aortic evaluation were included in the study. In MRA obtained by phase contrast method, the largest diameters of the annulus, ascending aorta, sinus valsalva, sinotubular junction, middle ascending arch, middle arch and proximal arch levels were measured electronically. Body surface area and arterial blood pressure values obtained and recorded during EC examination were obtained. Z scores were calculated. Ejection fraction, aortic stenosis (AS) and insufficiency (AI) founded with EC were recorded. Aortic arch geometry and supraaortic variations were determined with MRA. The EC and MRA findings, additional findings provided by MRA were evaluated.
Results: In EC, 62.5% of the participants had AI and 6.25% had combined valve disorder. There was no isolated AS, 31.25% of the participants had no valve pathology. The most important diameter change in valve dysfunction was detected at the level of the middle arch. The most common aortic arch was Romanesque (53%).
In the MRA, 15.5% of the participants had bovine arch variation and 3% had isolated left vertebral artery. No correlation was found between valvular disorder, z scores measured by MRA, arterial blood pressure, BSA, aortic geometry, supraaortic variations.
Conclusion: In addition to EC findings in children with BAV, MRA is useful for demonstrating aortic arch geometry and supraaortic variations known to affect hemodynamic changes.
Key words: Bicuspid aort valve, Aorta, Children, Echocardiography, MRI

ABSTRACT 
Purpose: Thyroid hormones are required for skeletal physiology, mechanism, contraction, muscle fiber plasticity, preparation, and muscle fiber type. In our study, we can analyze all patients in all age groups, as well as the evaluation of all evaluations in a significant group on this particular patient. It is considered in the care of patients who come to the urology outpatient clinic. 
Patients and Methods: In the study, three types of urge incontinence, stress incontinence, mixed were examined according to the incontinence types of people.
Results: There was no significant difference between T4 and TSH in terms of urinary incontinence. The mean OAB V8 score was 19.7±6.2 and the ICIQ-SF score was 10.1±3.9. Groups were calculated as mean scores. According to OAB v8 score, 1st and 3rd groups were statistically significant. According to ICIQ SF formula, 1st and 3rd groups, 2nd and 3rd groups were found to be statistically significant. 
Conclusion: The sensitivity of thyroid hormones on peripheral muscles causes us to think about urinance, especially on stress. However, according to our data, no significant difference was found between thyroid and incontinence hormones. In the light of these data, we believe that our study, which includes wide patient participation and all age groups and both genders, can contribute to the literature by investigating the physiology of incontinence and its relationship with overactive bladder, and being supported by more multicenter studies in the future 
Key words: Urgency, thyroid, urinary incontinence, over active bladder

ABSTRACT

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of Trans-Obturator Tape (TOT) surgery on female urinary incontinence and female sexual functions.

Methods: Patients who underwent transobturator tape (TOT) surgery between January 2018 and July 2021 were included. International Standardized Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), International Incontinence Inquiry Form (ICIQ-SF), Overactive Bladder Evaluation Form (OAB-V8) and Urogenital Distress Inventory (UDI-6) questionnaires were applied in the preoperative period and postoperative 3rd month. Preoperative and postoperative data were compared.

Results: A total of 37 patients who underwent TOT surgery were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 58.6±7.1 years. The mean follow-up period was 15. 2±4.8 months. 22 (59.5%) patients had at least one additional disease. It was determined that the values of FSFI, ICIQ-SF, OAB-V8, UDI-6 scores in the preoperative period showed significant changes in the direction of improvement in the postoperative period. (p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, respectively)

Conclusion: Trans-Obturator Tape (TOT) surgery reduces female stress urinary incontinence and has positive effects on female sexual function. In addition, it was observed that Mirabegron treatment, a β3- adrenoceptor agonist, started after TOT surgery, reduced the overactive bladder symptoms that developed after surgery.

Key words: Urinary incontinence, stress incontinence, transobturator tape, female sexual disfunction

ABSTRACT

Objective: Spontaneous intracerebral hematoma is bleeding into the cerebral parenchyma as a result of rupture of cerebral vascular structures. It is one of the common causes of stroke, and its mortality and morbidity is quite high. In this study, we analyzed the demographical, clinical and radiological features of patients with spontaneous intracerebral hematoma presenting to the emergency department in the light of the literature.

Methods: This study was carried out retrospectively on a total of 63 patients, 27 female and 36 male, who were diagnosed with spontaneous intracerebral hematoma. Patients; data such as age, gender, accompany systemic diseases, oral anticoagulant use, initial GCS, neurological examination findings, hematoma localization and hematoma volume were analyzed.

Results: The male percentage of 63 patients was 57%. Proportion of patients aged 65 and over was 62%. Among the systemic diseases, the most common comorbidity was hypertension with 46%. 29% of the patients were using oral anticoagulants. They frequently presented with altered consciousness (44%) and motor deficit (44%). The admission GCS of the patients was between 13-15 points at a rate of 55%. When computed tomography images were examined, it was observed that hematomas were most commonly located in the lobar (47%). The volume of 56% of the hematomas was below 30 cm3 .

Conclusions: In the diagnosis of spontaneous intracerebral hematoma, careful examination of demographical, clinical and radiological features is very important. We found that the data in the retrospective analysis of our study were significantly compatible with the literature.

Key words: Emergency department, retrospective, spontaneous intracerebral hematoma

ABSTRACT

Aim: Identfying at which rate the catheter settled into urinary system causes infection due to duration in spite of prophylactic antibiotic treatment in the patients underwent surgery because of urinary system pathology.

Material and Methods: The study population consisted of 16 patients who had urinary system pathology,underwent surgery and selected randomly in Pediatric Surgery Clinic were included the study. Urinary system catheters were applied to all patients after operation. Sefuroxim was begun to 10 of these patients, sefaperazon+sulbaktam to 1, ampicillin + sulbactam to 1, penicilin crystalyse to 1, amicasin to 1 and triemthoprim+sulphametoxasole to 2.Urine cultures were taken from the patients on 3rd, 7th and 10th days after operation and the rates of system infection identified were compared. When reproduction was identified in culture antibigram, the antibiotic treatment was changed due to the result of culture antibiogram. The catheters of all patients were extracted out on postoperative 10th day. The patients were delivered with the supression of triemthoprim+sulphametoxasole except ones who had reproduction in their urine cultures.       

Results: The study population consisted of 16 patients are composed of  11 (66 %) female and 5 (34%) male [mean age, 7.21±1.47 years (±SD); range, 0 to 14 years], Reproduction wasn’t observed at the urine cultures taken on 3rd day. Reproduction was observed at one of urine cultures taken on 7th day (enterococ). Reproduction was identified at three of the urine cultures taken on 10th day. (One of them was pseudomonas, two of them were candidas). The rate of reproduction was 6.25 % on 7th day and 23.08 % on 10th day. Although the ratio of reproduction on 10th day was higher than the ratio of reproduction on the 7th day, there was no significant difference between these two days (p= 0.625). 

Conclusion: We think that it is useful to investigate the antibiotic used when catheter is kept more than one week.

Key words: Pathology of urinary system, catheter of urinary system, risk of infection, culture-antibiogram. 

ABSTRACT
Aim: Myroides type bacteria are gram negative, aerobic, non-fermentative, catalase, oxiadase, urease and gelatinase positive, yellow pigmented, immobile, opportunistic pathogenic rare bacteria not found in human flora. In this study, the main purpose is to examine the antibiotic susceptibility of the Myroides species isolated from urine, wound, blood culture samples over six years period.

Material and Methods: Myroides species isolated from the urine, wound, blood culture samples during January 2015 to February 2021 were included in this study. VITEK 2 Compact automated system was used to identify bacteria determine their antibiotic susceptibility.

Results: Myroides spp. was isolated in different culture samples of 16 patients with clinical findings. It was seen %57,1 of the Myroides species included in our study were resistant to all antibiotics. Although Myroides species were most grown in urine culture samples(%87,5), they were also observed to grow in wound culture samples(%6,25) and blood culture samples(%6,25). Among the patients included in our study, the rate of Myroides isolation in intensive care and service patients was determined as %81,25.

Conclusion: Myroides species are microorganisms with epidemic potential, which are mostly detected in intensive care and ward patients who are hospitalized for a long time. Clinicians should be aware of this microorganism which has an epidemic potential, resistant to multiple drugs and encountered frequently in recent years.

Key words: Myroides, resistance, epidemic, opportunistic

ABSTRACT
Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of normal sponge vacuum assisted closure, silver sponge vacuum assisted closure and conventional dressing methods on hospitalization time, wound healing and infection in patients with  infected cavity wounds.

Patients and Method: Between February 2013 and February 2020, 153 patients with infected cavity wounds were included in the study. The patients were divided into three groups; Patients treated with conventional wound care were included in group A, patients treated with normal sponge negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) were included in group B, and patients managed with silver sponge NPWT were included in group C. Demographic data of the patients (age, gender), the time from hospitalization to surgery, the number of positive cultures and hospital stay were recorded. Wound dimensions were compared over wound photographs uploaded to Digimizer Image Analysis Software.

Results: The number of reproduction was the lowest in the patients who underwent silver sponge NPWT (p< 0.05). In the patient group who underwent wound care with silver sponge NPWT (group C), the hospitalization period was the least (p< 0.05). The effects of sponge type on the wound diameter were not statistically significant between group B and group C (p>0.05).

Conclusion: In patients for whom negative pressure wound treatment is appropriate, silver sponge closure can be preferred, allowing patients to get rid of the bacterial load in a shorter time and return to their normal lives sooner.

Key words: Infected cavity wound, negative pressure wound therapy, vacuum assisted closure with silver sponge.

ABSTRACT

Aim: In this study, we aimed to present the perioperative anaesthetic management in pediatric patients who underwent surgery for craniosynostosis which can progress with life-threatening complications.

Materials and Method: We retrospectively reviewed the file of all 26 craniosynostosis patients who were operated between January 2009-January 2021. The following were analyzed retrospectively: demographic data; anesthesia risks; duration of anesthesia and surgery; additional conditions of abnormality; airway and bleeding management; complications.

Results: Of the 26 patients included in the study, 16 had trigonocephaly, 4 scaphocephaly, 3 plagiocephaly, and 3 mixed types. Twenty (76.9%) of the patients were male, and 6 (23.1%) were female. Five out of the 26 patients (19.23%) had additional anomalies (1 Apert syndrome, 2 cardiac anomalies, and 2 hydrocephalus). The mean duration of surgery was 167.03 min, and duration of anesthesia was 179.92 min. CL scores were evaluated in direct laryngoscopy of the patients. CL I was found in 5 patients (19.2%), CL II in 13 patients (50.0%) and CL III in 8 patients (30.8%). Severe hypotension was observed in 5 patients (19.23%) in the intraoperative period. Noradrenaline at a dose of 0.03 mg/kg/min was administered to these patients with simultaneous blood and fluid infusion. A statistically significant difference was found between the preoperative and intraoperative hematocrit values of the patients whose mean preoperative hematocrit values were 35.99% and intraoperatively 26.85% (0.001).

Conclusions: We observed that pediatric patients with craniosynostosis had difficulty in airway management and risk of massive intraoperative bleeding. These patients require carefully planned anesthetic management.

Key words: Craniosynostosis, pediatric patients, anaesthetic management, bleeding management

ABSTRACT
Aim: With the developments in radiotherapy techniques, a significant increase has been observed in the local-regional control rates in patients with head and neck cancer. In the current study we aimed to evaluate the usability of 18F-FDG PET/CT in radiotherapy planning of head and neck cancer.

Materials and Method: In this study, patients with locally advanced stage head and neck cancer whose radiotherapy planning was designed over 18F-FDG PET/CT and whose curative radio (-chemotherapy) decision was made in our clinic were evaluated.

Results: A total of 19 patients whose treatment planning was done over 18F-FDG PET/CT were included in this study. Treatment volumes and critical organ volumes were determined in accordance with the protocols after combining 18F-FDG PET/CT axial sections with planning CT axial sections. Concomitant chemotherapy was applied to patients with an indication. Gross tumor volume (GTV), clinical tumor volume (CTV), planning tumor volume (PTV) and critical organ doses were evaluated using dose-volume histograms. It was observed that critical organ doses were not exceeded in all patients who were planned to be treated by fusion with 18F-FDG PET/CT, the doses planned to be applied to the target volumes were administered as planned, and no dose reduction was made in any patient.

Conclusion: This study confirms that in patients with locally advanced head and neck cancer, 18F-FDG PET/CT can be used reliably in determining the localization of primary tumors and lymph nodes, as well as in the administration of planned radiotherapy doses. It is thought that determining the treatment plans reliably will have a positive effect on long-term side effects and survival outcomes.

Key words: 18F-FDG PET/BT, Radiotherapy, Locally Advanced Head and Neck Cancer

ABSTRACT
Aim: Liver cancer is an increasingly common malignancy associated with high mortality. It is the sixth most common cancer and the fourth the leading cause of cancer-releated death worldwide. In histopathological type determination, besides morphological features, immunohistochemical profile is also important. HepPar-1, AFP and Glypican-3 (GPC-3) are the main immunohistochemical markers used in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and differantiation from metastatic tumors.

Materials and Method: Hematoxylin/Eosin and immunohistochemical properties of resection and biopsy materials of 101 cases diagnosed with HCC between January 2019 and October 2021 were evaluated. HepPar-1, GPC-3 and AFP results are listed. The rates of positivity and negativity were determined for these three markers.

Results: HepPar-1 was positive in 85 (84.2%) of 101 cases, GPC-3 was positive in 76 (75.2%) cases and AFP was positive in 28 (27.7%) cases. There were 17 (16.83%) cases in which all 3 parameters were positive and 4 (3.96%) cases in which they were negative.When the positivity was evaluated in terms of 2 parameters, HepPar-1 and GPC-3 were positive in 49 (48.51%) cases, HepPar-1 ve AFP 5 (4.95%) cases,  AFP ve GPC-3 4 (3.96%) cases. The co-positivity of HepPar-1 and GPC-3 was found to be significantly higher.

Conclusion: We think that the inclusion of immunohistochemical markers such as HepPar-1, GPC-3 and AFP, which have been associated with hepatoid differentiation in the literature and have been reported to be valuable in terms of malignancy, in the diagnosis and differentiation of HCC from metastatic tumors, will be important in achieving an effective result.

Key words: AFP, Glypican-3, hepatocellular carcinoma, HepPar-1, liver cancer

ABSTRACT

Seljuks gave great importance to the treatment of diseases and medical education. While the Seljuk sultans were reconstructing the cities, they also made investments in the field of health. In the Seljuks, health services were generally provided in institutions such as dârü’ş-şifâs and caravanserai hospitals. They were careful about the health issue against the risk of epidemics, and applied the modern treatment methods of the period against diseases such as leprosy and plague. In the Seljuk lands, dârü’ş-şifâs, hospitals in the caravanserai and mobile hospitals were serving the patients. In the caravanserais, passengers were given free health care. Apart from the Seljuk rulers, statesmen and benefactors also had dârü’ş-şifâs built. In this study, the health structures and treatment methods in Konya before the establishment of modern medicine will be examined.

Key words: The Seljuk Hospitals, Medicine, Dârü’ş-şifâ, Konya

ABSTRACT

Aim: Oncogenic Human papillomavirus (HPV) types play an important role in the development of cervical cancer. The cervix is an easily accessible organ that significantly improves the prognosis with early diagnosis by screening tests, and subsequent early treatment planning. In our study, we wanted to investigate the importance and prevalence of HPV subtypes in cervical neoplastic lesions.

Materials and Methods: 296 women who applied to the gynecological oncology clinic in our hospital and underwent colposcopic biopsy based on HPV tests were evaluated retrospectively. Colposcopic biopsy samples were evaluated by histopathological examination and HPV samples were evaluated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA typing was performed.

Results: Among the HPV types in our patients, the most common HPV type 16 was detected. Among the high-risk HPV types, the 5 most common types are 16,31,18,51, and 52, respectively. While the most common HPV types were 16,35,31 in high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (H-SIL), and 16,51,31 in low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (L-SIL). In our region, a cervical premalignant or malignant lesion was detected in 129 of 296 patients who had a colposcopic cervical biopsy. In 110 of these 129 patients, HPV was detected in etiology, and HPV was not detected in 19/129 of them.

Conclusion: The HPV virus is the most important risk factor in the etiology of cervical cancer. The content of vaccines planned to be developed against HPV is the most common and high-risk group subtypes and will be promising in preventing cervical cancer.

Key words: HPV subtypes, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, cervix carcinoma

ABSTRACT

Background: The Mevlevi Sema ceremony is a Sufi ritual that includes meditation, exercise actions, and religious symbols. Sema is also a method of meditation. There are few whirling dervishes in the world. Positive effects of worship on stress and anxiety leads to a hypothesis that whirling dervishes have low stress levels, high sleep quality, and optimal neurotrophic factors.

Aim: Our aim in the present study is to determine the effect of stress levels of whirling dervishes on neurotrophic factors.

Materials And Methods: In this research, possible protective effect of Sema against stress was investigated. A total of 33 adult men comprising, 17 whirling dervishes, and 16 healthy volunteers were recruited. Neurotropic factors (VEGF, BDNF, GDNF), PNX-20, anxiety levels (BECK Anxiety Scale), and sleep quality (Richard-Campbel Sleep Scale) data were obtained from the participants.

Results: It was found that whirling dervishes have lower VEGF, BDNF, GDNF, Phoenixin levels, anxiety scores, and better sleep quality.

Conclusion: Many alternative meditation practices have being popularly utilised for stress management. Sema is a less-known type of meditation practice. Our results, revealed that Sema may be an effective tool in stress management.

Key words: Sema, whirling dervishes, neurotrophic factors, phoenixin-20, sleep, anxiety

ABSTRACT

Aim: In this study, it is aimed to determine the knowledge of the trainees in the Family Art and Education Center (ASEM), to raise awareness about reproductive health, and to determine the effectiveness of the training given in order to complete their knowledge deficiencies.

Methods: The study was conducted with 80 trainees who received training at ASEM between May 1 and June 30, 2018. Pre-test, interactive training and then post-test were administered to the volunteer participants. Statistical analysis of the data was made using the SPSS 27.0 package program. McNemar X2 test was used in the analysis of the data. p<0.05 was accepted as the cut-off value for statistical significance.

Results: Eighty trainees with a mean age of 41.33±9.54 years old participated in the study. In the pre-test, 20.0% of the participants and 53.8% in the post-test correctly knew all the cancers screened by national cancer screening programs. In addition, it was seen that 32.5% of women knew the right time to perform breast self-examination in the pre-test, while this rate increased to 85.0% in the post-training test. A statistically significant difference was found between the pre-test and post-test in all subjects given in the field of reproductive health (p<0.05).

Conclusion: It was found that the participants had a low level of knowledge about family planning, sexually transmitted infections and female cancers in the screening program, and the educational intervention provided was beneficial. However, it was determined that a sufficient increase could not be achieved with the education intervention. This shows that training programs targeting women and including issues in the field of reproductive health should be repeated with periodic and up-to-date content.

Key words: Education, women's health, reproductive health

ABSTRACT

Aim: Adolescence is a period in which lifestyles and behaviors are shaped. The behaviors acquired in this period continue their effects throughout life. Positive behaviors contribute to the protection and development of health, while negative behaviors cause an increase in mortality and morbidity. The concept of health literacy, which includes the processes of accessing health-related information, understanding, evaluating and applying processes, has an important place in the adolescence period. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between health literacy and risky health behaviors in adolescents.

Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted with 382 students from two high schools in Konya, between 2018 and 2019. The dependent variable of the study is risky health behaviors, and the main independent variable is health literacy level. Data were collected using the Turkish Health Literacy Scale, Risky Health Behaviors Scale, and sociodemographic characteristics questionnaire, which were distributed and collected by the researcher. T Test, One Way Anova Test, Mann Whitney-U Test, Kruskal-Wallis Test and Pearson Correlation Test were used in data analysis.

Results: In the study, the mean score of the Health Literacy Scale was found to be 34.3±8.7 and the mean score of the Risky Health Behaviors Scale was found to be 44.9±7.7. When risky health behaviors were examined according to students' health literacy levels, it was found that students with excellent and sufficient health literacy had significantly lower risk health behaviors (p<0.001).

Conclusion: As a result of the study, it is seen that students with high health literacy levels have lower risky health behaviors. It is recommended to increase the level of health literacy in order to reduce risky health behaviors observed in adolescents.

Key words: Adolescence, health literacy, risky behaviors, healthy behavior