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Compression Neuropathies coexisting with Motor Neuron Diseases: Case Report Abstract: Progressive muscular atrophy is one of the atypical motor neuron diseases that progress purely with lower motor neuron (LMN) involvement without upper motor neuron (UMN) involvement. Sensory signs and symptoms are not expected in motor neuron disease, also sensory abnormalities are not detected in electroneuromyography. However, compression neuropathies developing in motor neuron disease are rarely reported. It may occur due to the supportive devices for mobilization or in trapping region among bedridden patients. In such cases, in case of an abnormality in sensory nerve conduction tests, the diagnosis of motor neuron disease can be delayed. Consequently, if sensory signs and symptoms accompany strong clinical anterior horn involvement in a patient, it should be taken into consideration that compression neuropathies or age-related reduction in sensory nerve action potentials (SNAP) may have developed; moreover, a secondary condition that may cause sensory neuropathy may occur, as well. Key-words: Compression Neuropathies, EMG, Motor Neuron Diseases

Acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM) is the rarest subtype of cutaneous melanoma, primarily affecting the palms, soles, and nail units. Unlike other melanoma subtypes, ALM is thought to be associated with mechanical stress and chronic trauma rather than ultraviolet exposure. In elderly patients, inadequate routine examination of the plantar region may lead to delayed diagnosis and advanced-stage presentation. We report the case of a 74-year-old female who presented with a painful lesion on the right plantar foot that developed following a thorn injury. Dermoscopic examination revealed diffuse variegated pigmentation, peppering, atypical dots and globules, ulceration, and regression areas. Histopathologic evaluation confirmed the diagnosis of ALM, with a Breslow thickness of 15 mm. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) demonstrated increased 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake in the right inguinal-femoral lymph nodes; however, histopathologic examination of the excised lymph nodes showed no evidence of malignancy. This case underscores the clinical, dermoscopic, and histopathologic features of ALM and highlights the importance of careful plantar examination for early diagnosis, particularly in elderly patients. Key words: plantar melanoma, acral lentiginous melanoma, cutaneous oncology, melanoma diagnosis

Purpose: To investigate choroidal vascular index (CVI) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) parameters in children with hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia and compare them with fellow and age-matched healthy eyes. Methods: This retrospective study included 40 children with hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia (22 males, 18 females; mean age 11.25 ± 2.15 years) and 40 age- and sex-matched controls (mean age 11.98 ± 2.58 years). Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), axial length, autorefractometry, central macular thickness, retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT), CVI, and OCTA parameters—including superficial and deep vessel density (VD) and foveal avascular zone (FAZ)—were measured. Results: Axial length was shorter in amblyopic eyes (20.97 ± 3.18 mm) than in fellow (22.12 ± 2.85 mm) and control eyes (22.98 ± 3.27 mm, p <0.001). While SFCT, RNFL, central macular thickness, luminal, and stromal areas did not differ significantly, CVI was significantly lower in amblyopic eyes compared with both fellow (p = 0.012) and control eyes (p = 0.024). OCTA analysis revealed reduced superficial VD in amblyopic eyes (p = 0.001 vs fellow; p = 0.001 vs control), whereas deep VD and FAZ parameters were comparable among groups. Conclusions: Hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia is associated with selective alterations in choroidal vascular-stromal balance and superficial retinal vessel density, while deep retinal vasculature and FAZ remain largely unaffected. These findings suggest disproportionate stromal expansion rather than absolute vascular loss, highlighting CVI as a stable and physiologically relevant biomarker for assessing choroidal involvement in amblyopia.

Aim: This study was conducted to develop the Professional Attitudes of Health Discipline Students’ Scale and for testing its reliability and the validity Methods: This is a methodological research study. The population of the study comprised the students who were studying in all departments of the Faculty of Health Sciences. Data was collected from 630 undergraduate students in last year. Statistical analysis examined exploratory/ confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency, and construct validity. Results: Our analysis showed that 79.4% of the students were female, 74.6% were satisfied with their discipline. 61.6% of the students participated in scientific activities, and 67.8% of them did not participate in any social activity. The content validity index of the scale was identified as 0.91. The scale items in the exploratory factor analysis were collected in five factors with eigenvalues over 1; these five factors explain 60.11% of overall variance. The overall Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of the scale was .91. Conclusions: As a result of these findings, the Professional Attitudes of Health Discipline Students’ Scale was found to be valid and reliable. It is thought that this scale will contribute to determining the professional attitudes of the students, overcoming any deficiencies, developing educational strategies aimed at the development of professionalism, and allowing comparative research to be performed between different disciplines.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge of individuals aged over 18 in Tuzlukçu district of Konya province regarding the National Cancer Screening Program. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 190 individuals over the age of 18 at the Central Family Health Center and the Konya Metropolitan Municipality Vocational Training Courses Tuzlukçu Center. A 12-question questionnaire, developed through a literature review, was administered by the researchers. Numerical data were expressed as arithmetic mean ± standard deviation, and categorical data as numbers and percentages. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 21.0, and p <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Among participants, 76.3% were women, 45.8% were primary school graduates, 25.3% reported a cancer diagnosis in themselves or first-degree relatives, 21.6% had previously received training on cancer screening tests, and 34.7% had undergone cancer screening. Participants who had received prior training demonstrated a significantly higher rate of screening participation. Within the National Cancer Screening Program by the Ministry of Health, only 18.9% correctly identified the timing of breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screenings. Conclusion: The results indicated that awareness of breast cancer, cervical cancer, and colorectal cancer screening tests, as well as knowledge of the need for regular screening and the rate of regular participation, were low. The introduction of mobile cancer screening tools in the district and the availability of shuttle services to nearby screening centers may facilitate access to health services. Educational activities and incentive-based interventions are essential to enhance awareness and participation in cancer screening programs.

Aim: This study compared patients diagnosed with cervical and lumbar disc herniation in terms of pain level, pain beliefs, body awareness, and exercise beliefs. Methods: Patients aged 20-65 years with only cervical disc herniation (Group I, n=59) and only lumbar disc herniation (Group II, n=60) were included in the study. Pain intensity was assessed by Visual Analog Scale (VAS), pain beliefs were assessed using the Pain Beliefs Scale (PAS), body awareness was assessed using the Body Awareness Questionnaire (BAQ), and exercise beliefs were assessed using the Exercise Beliefs Questionnaire (EBQ). Results: No statistically significant differences were found between the groups in VAS, EBQ, BAQ and PAS scores (p>0.05). Conclusion: These results suggest that the similarity in pain intensity, pain belief levels, body awareness, and exercise beliefs in cervical or lumbar disc herniation is related to the physiological and psychological mechanisms affecting the condition rather than differences in anatomical location.

Objective Hospital-acquired infections are major complications threatening patient safety, prolonging hospitalization, and increasing healthcare costs in surgical clinics. The increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant microorganisms has made infection control a central component of healthcare management. Nursing management plays a critical role in implementing infection control policies, staff training, maintaining care standards, and ensuring patient safety. This study aimed to evaluate hospital infection rates in a university hospital plastic surgery service from a nursing management perspective. Materials and Methods This retrospective descriptive study analyzed infection surveillance data of patients hospitalized in a university hospital plastic surgery service during 2025. Patient numbers, hospitalization days, infection rates, and isolated microorganisms were evaluated. Findings were interpreted in relation to in-fection control practices, nursing care processes, and clinical management approaches. Results A total of 2774 patients were hospitalized during 2025, with 6641 hospitali-zation days recorded. Five hospital-acquired infections were detected. Infec-tion rate was 0.18%, while infection density was 0.75 per 1000 patient-days. The isolated microorganisms included MRSA, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Acinetobacter baumannii. Conclusion The low infection rates observed in the plastic surgery service may be asso-ciated with effective nursing management, standardized care protocols, regu-lar staff training, and compliance with infection control measures. Nursing leadership and clinical care management are among the primary determi-nants in reducing hospital-acquired infections.